基礎英文文法 Lesson 20《副詞連接詞》

基礎文法副詞連接詞

所謂『副詞連接詞』(Conjunctive Adverbs) 就是用來引導副詞子句，以表示與主要子句間在時間、條件、因果、讓步等的關係。常見的副詞連接詞如下：
表示【時間】的副詞連接詞：
before, after, when, while, since, until, as soon as…

表示【條件】的副詞連接詞：
if, unless, once…

表示【原因】的副詞連接詞：
because, since…

表示【讓步】的副詞連接詞：
though, although, even though…

使用要點：
1. 副詞連接詞無法像對等連接詞一樣連接對等的單字或片語，只能連接子句。
Example: Kelly had her lunch before she went shopping. (Kelly在購物前吃了午餐)
Dan didn’t go to school because he caught a cold. (Dan今天沒去上學，因為他感冒了)
這裡的before和because就是連接兩個句子

副詞連接詞帶出來的句子就是副詞子句，做副詞用，必須與主要子句搭配使用，用來修飾主要子句，不能單獨存在。
Example: You won’t pass the exam if you don’t work hard. (你不認真讀書就不會通過考試)
這裡的主要子句You won’t pass the exam可以單獨存在
但是副詞子句if you don’t work hard就不可以單獨存在了

3. 副詞子句若置於句首，需用逗點與主要子句區隔。
上述的例題可改為Before Kelly went shopping, she had her lunch.
Because Dan caught a cold, he didn’t go to school today.
If you don’t work hard, you won’t pass the exam.
避免重複使用。
雖然中文都有【因為…所以…】和【雖然…但是…】的句型，但是在英文的使用上，有Because就不能有so，有Although就不能有but！
Example: Because nobody was at home, she cried.
=She cried because nobody was at home.
=Nobody was at home, so she cried. (因為沒人在家，所以她哭了)
Although it was cold, they went swimming.
=They went swimming, although it was cold.
= It was cold, but they went swimming. (雖然很冷，他們還是去游泳)

5. 表示『條件』的副詞子句必須用現在式代替未來式。
由if, unless, once帶出的表示條件的子句要用現在式，主要子句用未來式。
Example: If it rains, we will not go to the zoo. (如果下雨我們就不去動物園)
副詞子句主要子句

He will be fine once he gets enough sleep. (他一旦有了充足的睡眠就沒事了)
主要子句副詞子句

6. 句中如果出現after、before、until等連接詞，先發生的動作可以用簡單過去式代替過去完成式。
Example: After I had finished my homework, I watched TV.
= After I finished my homework, I watched TV. (我做完作業就去看電視)
也就是說主要子句和副詞子句都用過去式就對了！